Effisoy - Isoflavones, Estrogen, Isoflavones are a class of flavonoids

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Isoflavones

Isoflavones are a class of flavonoids that are plant-derived compounds. Often referred to as phytoestrogens or plant-estrogens, isoflavones are not hormones, but are similar in shape to the estrogen produced within our bodies and have the ability to bind to the same estrogen receptors as the actual hormone does.

Messenger-Like Abilities
Hormones such as estrogen are "messenger-like" as they are sent through the bloodstream to produce a specific effect. They accomplish their task by locating specific receptor sites (a special type of protein molecule) existing on the surface of various cells throughout the body. In the case of estrogen, the hormone binds with estrogen receptors and turns on a switch to make the cell behave a certain way. There are two types of estrogen receptors, alpha and beta. Some cells possess only one type while others possess both. Research has shown that isoflavones can bind with both types of receptors and this may be important as the effects may differ depending on which receptors are turned on.

In the simplest sense, the ability of isoflavones to bind with estrogen receptors helps them deliver a message and exert an effect on the cells. The effect can either be an estrogenic (estrogen-like) effect or an anti-estrogenic effect, depending on certain variables. When the supply of our own body’s estrogen is deficient, isoflavones can produce many of the same functions as the hormone by filling up the empty estrogen receptors. On the other hand, isoflavones can compete against estrogen, too, which in many cases can be a desirable outcome. While the lack of estrogen can lead to many troubling symptoms such as hot flashes, an over-abundance of estrogen can also lead to problems including a higher risk of breast cancer. By binding with and blocking available estrogen receptors, isoflavones can weaken the effects of too much estrogen. It is important to note that isoflavones are at least 1000 times weaker than estrogen in terms of its estrogenic effect-or their ability to compete for receptor sites.

Similar to Estrogen, but Different
Isoflavones do not possess exactly the same functions as estrogen. Due to the fact that they are not identical in structure, isoflavones can affect certain functions while not others. Think of the concept of isoflavones, estrogen and estrogen receptors as a lock (receptor site) and 2 keys (estrogen and isoflavones). You can fit many keys into a key hole; however, some may hardly turn while others may almost turn all the way. Similarly, isoflavones can cause selective effects to occur based on their unique molecular structure. This concept is referred to as a Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM) effect. Isoflavones can be thought of as nature’s version of an effective SERM.

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